KB PanoramaCopyright © Panorama Group 1991 - 2022
Complex of preparing documents of aeronautical information
Complex of preparing documents of aeronautical information is a tool kit for maintaining base of aeronautical data, for designing the routes of departure, approach and landing, modelling and analysis of aeronautical situation, formation of aeronautical maps and data exchange with other information systems by means of export and import in the exchange format ARINC424-19 and metedata in format AIXM 5.1 and WFS 2.0.
The complex includes of a single database of aeronautical data and application tasks, which perform various functions for the preparation, modeling, design and publication of aeronautical data. The complex is equipped with a data security subsystem that provides authorized users of the complex, registration of actions performed by users in the complex, multi-user editing of data, transaction logging, cancellation and recovery of all data operations.
The complex is designed in accordance with the requirements of ICAO documents:
The main source of aeronautical information is a relational database of aeronautical data, which is created in accordance with the model of AICM (Aeronautical Information Conceptual Model). AICM model is recommended by the international organization of planning and coordination of air traffic "Eurocontrol". The database structure allows you to store and process all elements of aviation activity, track the chronology of their changes with the date, time of user and type of operation. To all objects in a database the universal identifiers GUID are collated. The database includes the system of authorization and is designed to allow the monitoring the data tables modifications. The database is deployed on DBMS Postgres of version 9.3 or higher, in any operating system, regardless of its bit. The complex includes a script of automatic deployment of a database for Windows x32 and x64 operating systems.
The complex allows to form all kinds of aeronautical maps, thematic documents, pages of collections of aeronautical information (Air navigation Information Publication, further ANI collection) at national and international languages, sets of aeronautical information in format AIXM 5.1. Aeronautical data sets in AIXM5.1 format can be used for data exchange between databases of aeronautical data and systems of processing of the aeronautical information. Provision of data sets AIXM 5.1 in the form of answers in specification WFS 2.0 allows to use the information in client-server WEB systems. The database of the complex and the formed documents can be used for the analysis of flights in the airdrome area, modelling and analysis of air situation, planning of using the air space and air traffic control, exchange of aeronautical data with other databases and WEB services. A detailed description of the database structure is shown in the "Database Specification AICM".
Application the "Preparing documents of aeronautical information" serves for input and output of information into the aeronautical database. The task is framed in the form of the panel integrated into the GIS "Panorama 11". The taskbar is functionally divided into four parts - data input, data output, conducting directories and built-in converter of import/export to ARINC and the converter of export to format AIXM5.1. In order to administer data security subsystem the task includes the dialogue of aeronautical information's administrator.
The task lets you perform the following operations:
Aeronautical maps are formed by both tasks of the complex in accordance with document the Doc 8697 ICAO (" Guidance for Aeronautical Maps"). Aeronautical maps are formed in electronic form, are based on the special aeronautical classifier dfc.rsc. Depending on solved tasks, the following types of aeronautical maps are formed:
Output of information is carried out into formats ARINC AIXM 5.1 WCS 2.0, into the Air navigation Information Publication or onto an aeronautical map directly from a database.
Data sets in AIXM5.1 are formed from a database by means of the built-in converter of export. Converter allows you to export all basic types of aeronautical data into separate files, aerodrome infrastructure and lighting equipment. Converter allows you to export any aeronautical information, which is stored in the database through a special service. Built-in converter of export of basic ANI information is accessible through the button of the ANI software panel at the connected database. If the base is not connected, the external converter which works with a map is called.
The route map (ICAO) - is a base map and three user maps. The route map can be published in lower, upper, uncontrolled or set by the user of a complex the airspace. Maps of the upper airspace (from altitude of 8100 meters and above), maps of the lower airspace (from altitude of 1500 up to altitude of 8100 meters) and maps of uncontrolled airspace.
The area map (ICAO) - is a base map onto preset area and four user maps. The area may be limited by a frame. Scales of a route chart and the area map are selected depending on density of air traffic and the sizes of area. Aeronautical Charts of upper and lower airspace are performed at scale 1: 1 000 000 (10 kilometers in one centimeter), 1: 1 500 000 (15 kilometers in one centimeter) or smaller. Aeronautical Charts for the airspace of Class G - 1: 500 000 (5 kilometers in one centimeter) and larger.
According to ICAO classification the name of maps correspond to "ENROUTE CHART above FL275", "ENROUTE CHART below FL275" and the maps "VFR". Maps "VFR" are published in the layer from 1500 meters and below, and also above 20400 m (FL660).
Maps of standard departure and standard arrival by implements (SID/STAR) – are a set from three user maps. The map is formed for a concrete threshold of the airport runway (further VPP). The map of a standard departure is created with the name "exit", and of a standard arrival – with the name "approach". The name of the map is supplemented with the name of airport and course. Maps are published on the scale of 1:500 000 (more seldom in 1:1 000 000).
Maps of visual landing approach and map of the landing approach by implements are a set of the topographical map-substrate, four user maps with the aeronautical data and one map with marginal representation. The map is published at the scale of 1:200 000, and visual landing approach at the scale of 1:100 000 and should have conformal projection on which the straight line approximately corresponds to orthodrome (great-circle distance).
The map of airfield is a separate user map in scales 1:25 000 or 1:10 000. The topographical basis, raster information, matrix data for the map of airfield are prepared separately. The information about runways, landing courses, taxiways, airport aprons and parking areas, radio landing systems, lighting equipment and other information necessary for orientation in airdrome are put on a map. The table of meteorological minima can be put on the map of airfield.
Map of ground aerodrome traffic and parking areas is a separate user map in scales of 1:25 000 or 1:10 000. The map can be published in the form of the scheme without scale. The topographical basis is absent. The map contains borders of capital coverings of the airport on which the airfield movement is carried out, aprons with parking areas of aircrafts, parking lot with the table of positions and numbers, restrictions and routes of ground movement of aircrafts.
Terrain map for precision approach is a separate user map in scale of 1:25 000 or 1:10 000. The map contains detailed information about terrain profile within a predetermined area on final stage of approach for landing. It is used for providing aircraft operating companies the possibility of assessing how this terrain has an impact on the determination of altitude of decision-making at using the radio altimeters.
The map of airfield obstacles of class "A" is a separate user map in the scale of 1:25 000. Information has schematic character, has no binding to geodetic system of the map. It is put in conventional meters on the map image. On map there are put the plan and profile of each runway, adjoining to it of runway thresholds or a terminal strip, free from obstacles, zone of take-off path and obstacles, profile of a spare takeoff path area includes a linear projection of entire take-off path and is located above its corresponding plan in form most convenient for a quick understanding of the information.
The map of airfield obstacles of class "B" is a separate user map which serves for determination of the minimum safe absolute/relative altitudes, including flight of the circling, the rules to be followed in an emergency during take-off or landing and use as a starting material for the preparation of aeronautical charts. On a map there are put all obstacles with a relief in preset area of works and a geodetic grid with an interval of one minute, denoted in degrees and minutes.
Export of aeronautical information onto maps is accompanied by filling the special semantic characteristics of objects which allow you to display information in a three-dimensional view.
Air navigation Information Publication - is the document containing the aeronautical information and the other data, used for navigation onboard of the aircraft, maintenance and air traffic control by ground services. The publication consists of three sections and contains catalogues of aeronautical information, the aeronautical maps, the national and regional rules and procedures of flights.
The complex forms the whole of tabular information and sheets of marginal designing of aeronautical maps for the following AIP sections:
The application "Constructed flight routes" is used for designing routes of departure, approach and landing and the flight safety analysis on them. The task is framed in the form of the panel integrated into the GIS "Panorama 11". The taskbar functionally is divided into four parts - forming the templates of departure's routes, approach and landing, the formation of routes elements of area navigation (RNAV), creation of routes of landing by national standards, the fourth part - the analysis, processing and saving the constructed routes.
The task lets you create sections templates of routes of departure, approach and landing, and also a surface of analysing the obstacle in the airfield vicinity. The task is refined by possibility of designing the routes of landing calculated by the civil and military procedures according to national rules of flights. The task allows to create following templates of routes by civil procedures:
By military procedures:
The task contains templates of RNAV elements, routes sections of area navigation and schemes of landing T and Y, as well as there are added the patterns of landing baro-VNAV and the various options for the initial phase of go-around. Templates of zone navigation are created in accordance with the document "Doc 8168 Pans-Ops."Aircraft Operations (PANS-OPS) Volume II" and "Instructions on construction of flight procedure on a route and terminal area by using the area navigation methods.". The task allows you to create the following types of RNAV templates:
Templates of standard routes of flights are created in accordance with documents Doc8168 "Rules of Air Navigation Service. Aircraft Operations (PANS-OPS) Volume II. Construction of schemes of visual flights and flights on instruments" and Doc 9371"Guidance on templates for scheme of holding, reverse scheme and the scheme of type "racetrack", the task "Calculation of airfield routes" allows to project, model and analyze the following types of templates:
Application generates ready templates of all principal parts types of a route of departure, approach and landing, and also protective schemes "racetrack" and turns. A template is a set of map objects, which includes: part of the route, obstacle assessment zones and buffer zones. Depending on type of a route and feature of construction the template can not contain a route part (OAS template), a buffer (secondary zone) at the departure's initial stage. Templates can contain additional elements, for example, special points and protective lines. Each template contains a point of insert and an axis. The insertion point and axis are included into a set for possibility of coordination of templates at construction of a single route. The template of zone navigation RNAV can contain control points of a template and not contain a route part, in such templates as zone DME/DME or the tolerance onto a control point. The route contains a chain of templates which can be combined. In some cases, for example in Т- and Y -shaped schemes, a template is a route of landing with all elements. Preparation of schemes by the designer is carried out in accordance with the ICAO program described in document Doc 9906 "Guidance for a Quality Assurance at Development of Flights Procedures. Volume 2. Training the designers of Flights Procedures (Development of the training program of flights procedures designers)". The scheme is being tested in accordance with the requirements of Doc 8168, is approved and marked in the database as actual one. Generalised algorithm of the task is the encoding the routes of approach, departure, landing, their manual correction in special temporary storehouse and saving in a database for subsequent publication. Coding procedures of a departure, approach and landing is performed in accordance with the requirements of Section 5 of document the Doc 8168 Pans-Ops. "Aircraft Operations" (PANS-OPS) Volume II and corresponds to encoding the pointers of movement trajectories of format ARINC 424-19. New routes become available for the task "preparing documents of aeronautical information" and can be modified and published.
Processing a projected route is carried out by the panel "Analysis, search, preservation". Using the panel of drawing templates and tools of the GIS "Panorama 11", there is created a route or a flight procedure on a digital aeronautical map. By means of search and preservation the created and coordinated information on a map is processed by the task and is stored in a database. There is made the analysis of potential reference points of the projected scheme which are processed and stored as the terminal one.
Example of a route of landing from the border of the approach with a grid of borders
Example of a route of the wide rectangular route of landing
Separately zones of obstacles assessment for each route individually are processed and stored. The result is used for performing the analysis of influence of infrastructure objects (obstacles) onto individual flight phases. Results of the analysis must be used for decision-making on change of structure and route position, and also parameters of its separate elements (templates).
Process of analysis allows to estimate new objects on the background of the existing flight scheme and to project new routes on the background of a given terrain and ground infrastructure.
Example of zone navigation's approach route
Example of zone navigation's landing route
Results of projecting are stored into the database with the status "projected". By means of the task "preparing ANI documents" objects are transfered into the status "acting" and are published.
Application the "Assessment of norms of fitness to airdromes operations" is based on the document "Methods of compliance valuation to norms of fitness of civil airdromes" (MCV NFCA) and is intended for the analysis of the airdrome and the airdrome vicinity territory for suitability for exploitation and flights of aircrafts. The application allows the analysis of the problem area, terminal area, artificial obstacles and ground's infrastructure elements for a decision on the fitness of the aerodrome for the operation. Calculations and the resulting information are formed according to algorithms and methods described in the third edition, application to NFCA and are exported in the form of passport sheets of airdrome in format MSWord and MSExcel.
The task allows to carry out the following operations:
Designs of surfaces are used for the analysis of obstacles in the terminal airdrome area, in accordance with the criteria and procedures described in Chapter 3 of MCV NFCA. By results of the analysis, the tables are formed that are included into the certificate of aerodrome examination.
Ph.: +7 (495) 739-0245, +7 (925) 221-1603
www.gisinfo.ru | panorama@gisinfo.ru
105005, Russia, Moscow, Baumanskaya Street 7, building 1, office 229 (m. Baumanskaya)
Copyright © Panorama Group 1991 - 2024
Mobile version
Full version